I. “I Am Not Ashamed of the Gospel”
In Romans 1:16, the Apostle Paul makes the following declaration:
“For I am not ashamed of the gospel, because it is the power of God that brings salvation to everyone who believes: first to the Jew, then to the Gentile.”
Within this succinct yet powerful statement, we see a compressed reflection of the historical context facing the early church, as well as God’s plan of salvation revealed in Christ. Surrounded by the mockery of a hostile world or the cultural barriers of the Hellenistic-Roman society with its wholly different value systems, Paul proclaims that he is “not ashamed of the gospel,” revealing both his missionary conviction and theological insight.
In the first century, the Roman Empire was a superpower boasting solid dominance in politics, military might, and culture. Its magnificent architecture, advanced road networks, and high level of philosophical tradition blended with Hellenistic worldview made Rome truly a “glorious empire.” Even seeing the ruins of the Colosseum or the remains of the Roman Forum today allows us to infer just how powerful and enormous Rome was 2,000 years ago. In the midst of such an imposing empire, proclaiming the message of “Christ crucified” was certainly not an easy task. To the Jews, crucifixion was regarded as a curse, and to the Greeks (the intellectual class of that era), it was considered the height of folly. Indeed, in 1 Corinthians, Paul wrote, “For the message of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God” (1 Cor. 1:18). This underscores just how offensive or disagreeable the gospel might have sounded not only to the Romans (particularly the intellectuals) but also to those pursuing the lofty academic world shaped by Hellenistic philosophy.
Despite this, Paul boldly declares, “I am not ashamed of the gospel.” He affirms instead that the gospel “is the power of God for the salvation of everyone who believes.” The world may speak of its own pursuit of power—whether in knowledge, status, or authority—but in Paul’s eyes, all such human “powers” (be they wisdom or might) ultimately lie under the shadow of sin and head toward destruction. No matter how brilliant Rome may have appeared, no matter how profound its knowledge, and no matter how formidable its rulers, all humanity is still under the penalty of sin and cannot escape standing before God’s judgment. Therefore, the gospel is the only way—the sole true power—for salvation.
When reading Paul’s letters, it is helpful to keep in mind the believers at Corinth, for whom he also wrote. Corinth was a port city, economically wealthy but filled with many lower-class people and slaves, and it was known for severe moral and spiritual confusion. Paul does not conceal that evangelists like himself, or even the local Christians, were regarded as the “scum of the earth” (1 Cor. 4:13) in that society. Yet, irrespective of such a lowly status or social humiliation, Paul—who had already experienced the grace of salvation in Christ—knew the “reality” of the gospel. He was convinced that the message of the cross was anything but shameful; rather, it was the ultimate and eternal power. He taught believers that the gospel itself is a sign of glory to them.
Particularly, Pastor David Jang has repeatedly emphasized in various lectures and sermons that Paul’s boldness and conviction should be applied directly to the faith of modern-day believers. He notes that, in the face of our era’s material abundance, rapid information age, and spectacular cultural and artistic developments, many Christians feel an unnecessary sense of shame or intimidation, wondering whether the gospel seems “too naïve” or whether the message of the cross appears “outdated.” However, Pastor David Jang says, “Now is precisely the time when the essence of the gospel is needed. This is because the civilization, technology, ideologies, and philosophies that human beings have created are actually leading to deeper confusion and despair.” This sentiment is directly connected to Paul’s declaration: “I am not ashamed of the gospel.” The gospel is, by nature, eternal and transcends any temporal values or human judgments, for it is “the power of God.”
We must then understand what Paul meant by the phrase “the power of God that brings salvation to everyone who believes.” The central doctrine of the Christian gospel is that every sinner is saved by believing in the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ and confessing Him as Lord. It is not salvation for the Jews alone. When Paul writes, “first to the Jew, then to the Gentile,” he explains that the gospel is open to all humanity. In the context of that time, “Jews” and “Greeks” (or Gentiles) encompassed everyone who was either a Jew or a non-Jew. Thus, it means that anyone—Jew or Gentile—who believes in Christ is led to salvation. This aligns exactly with the historical reality that, as seen in the Book of Acts, the gospel which began in Jerusalem after Pentecost gradually spread to Samaria and eventually to Gentile regions, proclaiming Christ to all nations. The “gospel” possesses this astonishing transcendence, extending its invitation to “all who seek God,” inviting them to experience the same grace and power in the Lord.
1 Corinthians 1:22–24 states:
“Jews demand signs and Greeks look for wisdom, but we preach Christ crucified: a stumbling block to Jews and foolishness to Gentiles, but to those whom God has called… Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God.”
The crucified Christ was an unfamiliar message for both Jews and Greeks. Under the Old Testament notion—“Cursed is everyone who is hung on a pole” (Gal. 3:13)—it was inconceivable that a crucified Messiah could be accepted. Simultaneously, from the viewpoint of Greek philosophers who pursued the morally and intellectually refined realm of “sophia,” the idea of a crucified criminal at the center of their wisdom was absurd. Yet this seemingly “foolish” event on the cross was the core of God’s plan for salvation. Paul, more ardently than anyone else, defends this point, and he directly connects his argument to the words of the prophet Habakkuk: “But the righteous person will live by his faith.”
Considering both the circumstances Paul faced when writing Romans and the revelation and conviction he had received from the Lord, his attitude of not being ashamed of the gospel conveys more than mere boldness. It is the joyful assurance of someone who has discovered that the cross contains a power belonging to God alone—something no earthly knowledge or authority can provide to save a single soul. Take, for instance, the classical works of Augustine, such as Confessions or City of God (De Civitate Dei). Augustine also pursued worldly philosophy and wisdom in his youth, only to find the “true truth” he longed for within the Christian gospel. Although Augustine had an exceptional attachment to and curiosity about Hellenistic and Roman thought, after his conversion he also proclaimed that the message of the cross was the “only wisdom” that people should ultimately rely upon. His testimony aligns exactly with Paul’s declaration, “I am not ashamed of the gospel.”
In a similar vein, Pastor David Jang repeatedly highlights the power of the cross. While digital civilization has advanced and new ideas and information flood the twenty-first century, topics such as “salvation,” “atonement,” and “the judgment of God” might appear outdated. In reality, however, the sinful nature of humankind remains the same; ethical confusion and spiritual emptiness have grown even more severe. Therefore, says Pastor Jang, we now need more than ever the confession, “I am not ashamed of the gospel.” Whether it is an empire or a civilization, knowledge or power that appears great and glorious, all will collapse under sin and death, and only the gospel stands as “the power of God that brings salvation to everyone who believes.” Paul’s declaration from 2,000 years ago remains just as valid today.
Furthermore, in 1 Corinthians 4:13, Paul confesses that, as a gospel worker and a believer in Jesus Christ, he is treated “like the scum of the earth.” This expression starkly reveals the social status of Christians at the time. Christianity did not begin with the support of the upper class or those in power; rather, as Jesus said, it was the “weary and burdened,” the “lost sheep,” the “outcasts,” who came into the grace of the gospel, and through them its power was manifested. When you consider Paul’s ministry, it is clear that he never cowered before the absolute authority of Roman society or Greek philosophy; rather, he viewed them from the perspective that they were “perishing,” in need of the gospel. Hence, after stating, “I am not ashamed of the gospel,” he gives the reason: “because” (as indicated in the original Greek text). Paul was proud of the gospel and proclaimed it powerfully, precisely because it is the true “power of God” that breaks the power of sin and death and grants new life.
Likewise, as modern Christians, we are also called to inherit Paul’s confession. There are times when the church is ridiculed in society, times when we face attacks from intellectuals at the cutting edge of culture and scholarship, accusing Christianity of being an “outdated myth.” Yet we must once again reflect on Romans 1:16. The gospel is not an old-fashioned idea that worked only in the ancient world but is, in fact, “the power of God,” which fundamentally resolves humanity’s universal crisis of sin and death. Holding onto this truth, we can boldly proclaim in every circumstance, “I am not ashamed of the gospel!” And that proclamation does not depend on our own knowledge or position, but rather on the eternal power that comes from “the cross and the resurrection of Jesus Christ.”
II. “The Righteous Will Live by Faith”
Paul continues in Romans 1:17, delving into the deeper meaning contained in the gospel:
“For in the gospel the righteousness of God is revealed—a righteousness that is by faith from first to last, just as it is written: ‘The righteous will live by faith.’”
This verse is widely known as the core theme of Romans and the central pillar of the Christian doctrine of salvation. Martin Luther, who sparked the Reformation, famously testifies that when he grasped the profound meaning of “The righteous will live by faith,” he rediscovered the doctrine of justification by faith (that we are justified by faith alone) and rejoiced greatly.
1. “For in the gospel the righteousness of God is revealed—a righteousness that is by faith from first to last”
First, the “righteousness of God” that Paul speaks of here is the channel through which a sinner becomes righteous; its source and center lie in the cross of Jesus Christ. In other words, “the righteousness of God” is God’s plan of salvation revealed through “the atoning sacrifice of Jesus Christ.” Under the Law, a sinner had no way to avoid punishment—“the wages of sin is death” (Rom. 6:23). Humans, being incapable of achieving righteousness on their own, could never meet the standard of righteousness presented by the Law. Yet God, in His love, sent His only begotten Son, Jesus Christ, whose sacrificial death on the cross paid the penalty for our sin. Thus, “the righteousness of God” took concrete form in “the redemptive act of God the Father, who declares sinners righteous by the blood of Jesus.”
Paul declares in 1 Corinthians 1:18, “For the message of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God.” Though the cross appears to be utter foolishness to those who reject the gospel, to those who have experienced the grace of Christ it is the power that brings life. This power is where God’s righteousness operates in practice. How can a sinner become righteous? Human reason and logic cannot explain this. However, God accomplished this seemingly impossible feat—declaring sinners righteous at the cost of His only Son—on the cross. All we need to do to be justified is to accept it “by faith,” and so we are made righteous. A new path has opened.
Here, Paul says that this “brings faith from first to last,” meaning it starts in faith and leads to further faith. Since the early church, there have been various interpretations, but the most common is that the believer’s faith begins with trusting the gospel message and acknowledging Jesus as Lord and continues to grow deeper and more mature. Ultimately, in the declaration that “the righteous will live by faith,” the believer arrives at an unshakable assurance of salvation and an experience of the Spirit’s power.
If we examine the theological studies of early Christian thinkers like Augustine or Thomas Aquinas, we see that they commonly emphasize one point: Salvation is achieved solely by God’s grace, not by any merit or works of man.Augustine, reflecting on his youth in Confessions, reveals that, after a long period of philosophical wandering and hedonistic living, he recognized himself as a “sinner away from God,” and upon encountering passages from Romans, he discovered the path of “sola gratia, sola fide” (by grace alone, through faith alone). Having been solidified already in ancient Christianity, this “doctrine of grace” reemerged prominently during the Reformation era under figures such as Martin Luther and John Calvin. The doctrine of justification by faith (that it is by faith we become righteous) rooted in “the righteousness of God” revealed in Jesus Christ remains the most important framework for the Christian understanding of salvation to this day.
Among contemporary voices proclaiming this same message is Pastor David Jang, who has preached and written extensively on the pitfalls modern people often fall into—namely, “self-salvation” (thinking one can become righteous through personal good works or merit) and “relativism” (believing one is “less sinful” compared to others). People tend to say, “I’m not that bad. There are far worse people out there,” and in so doing, miss the absolute fact that everyone stands as a sinner before God. God’s righteousness, however, points us to the singular, objective solution—Jesus Christ—and calls us to place our trust in that righteous gospel. When we live by faith in God’s righteousness, we can finally embark on a path of true freedom and holiness. The “faith” here is not mere intellectual agreement but an all-encompassing trust—staking one’s life upon Christ. This aligns precisely with Paul’s statement that our faith grows “from first to last.”
2. The Practical Meaning of “The Righteous Will Live by Faith”
The phrase “The righteous will live by faith” is a quotation from Habakkuk 2:4 in the Old Testament. The prophet Habakkuk, facing the threat of invasion by the powerful Babylonians of his time, cried out to God for justice and protection. God’s response came through a revelation: “The righteous will live by their faith.” This affirms the transcendent truth that, in the turbulent storms of history—where human power and wisdom fail—the only thing that truly remains is “faith in God’s promise.” Even if the world crumbles, those who cling to God’s covenant will never perish.
Paul connects this Old Testament promise to the gospel of Jesus Christ, teaching that “now those who believe in Jesus Christ are the righteous, and they will live by faith.” Just as Israel once trembled before the Babylonian invasion, we today witness a world plagued by sin, death, and confusion, and at times we too are overwhelmed by fear. We face economic crises, wars, famines, diseases, and countless personal struggles large and small. Yet “The righteous will live by faith” declares that God’s plan of salvation transcends all circumstances and assures us of hope. We become righteous not because of our inherent virtue or qualification, but through faith in Jesus Christ. Through the channel of faith, God’s life and righteousness enter us, enabling us to truly “live.”
“Live,” in the biblical sense, does not merely refer to physical survival. In Scripture, “life” refers to the “true life enjoyed in relationship with God.” In the Common Bible Translation, Romans 1:17 is rendered, “Whoever is put right with God through faith shall live.” This underscores that being declared righteous is equivalent to having our relationship with God restored, and “living” refers to enjoying eternal life within that relationship.
Pastor David Jang particularly stresses this “living relationship with God.” We can attend church for a long time or study the Bible and theology extensively, but if we do not establish a true personal bond with God, we may remain stuck in a dry faith. However, if that relationship is truly alive and dynamic, then the confession “The righteous will live by faith” naturally becomes as essential as breathing, evident in our worship, devotions, and in every moment of daily life. This growth from “doctrinal faith” to an “experiential, personal faith” is what Paul describes as moving “from faith to faith.”
Additionally, “The righteous will live by faith” carries within it an eschatological assurance that we will not perish under God’s final judgment, but rather enjoy eternal life. Just as the prophet Habakkuk declared that even if Babylon invades, those who truly believe and fear the Lord will not be destroyed, the early Christians in Paul’s day held onto that same promise amidst widespread Roman persecution and the derision of many pagan philosophies. Indeed, without military or political might, the faith in the gospel ultimately transformed the Roman Empire itself—the world’s greatest superpower at the time.
A close examination of early church history shows that, even before Christianity was officially recognized throughout the Roman Empire under Emperor Constantine, countless Christians persevered through imprisonment or death in the arenas, all the while maintaining their faith. This was a real-life application of “The righteous will live by faith.” They did not compromise with the powers of the world, and many even laid down their lives. What fueled such steadfastness was their unshakeable conviction in “the righteousness of God” revealed in the gospel—that same cross and resurrection of Christ that guaranteed them eternal life.
We can apply this same perspective to the twenty-first century. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, international conflicts, economic disparities, personal isolation, broken relationships, and countless other challenges, many people feel powerless and fearful. Yet paradoxically, it is precisely when human power and knowledge reveal their limits that the power of the gospel shines brightest. “The righteous will live by faith” assures us that we share the same hope the early church did in these times of chaos. Our justification, salvation, and eternal life—all of these become possible through the channel of faith, whose basis is the historical and transcendent event of “the cross and resurrection of Jesus Christ.”
Jesus Himself said, “The Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life as a ransom for many” (Matt. 20:28). And John 15:13 states, “Greater love has no one than this: to lay down one’s life for one’s friends.” Jesus’ death was a substitutionary death, “atoning for us,” and it represents the clearest expression of “the righteousness of God.” When we personally accept by faith that Jesus died on our behalf, God declares us righteous and welcomes us onto the path of eternal life. This is the heart of the Christian gospel, and the conclusion presented by Romans 1:16–17.
In numerous seminars and talks, Pastor David Jang elaborates on living “by faith.” He notes that the sinful nature within us does not vanish in a single moment of initial belief. It is crucial, therefore, to meditate on the gospel daily and walk in obedience to the Holy Spirit—a process he calls “practical holiness.” However, the starting point of that journey is never our own “good works” or “efforts,” but our acceptance of “God’s righteousness, already accomplished” on the cross. We must never lose sight of the fact that the sole path to being made righteous—that is, entering a right relationship with God—is opened by embracing the grace of the cross by faith.
This point is also illustrated in Genesis 15:6, a well-known passage: “Abram believed the Lord, and He credited it to him as righteousness.” This shows that even in the Old Testament era, trusting God was counted as righteousness. Abraham received justification not through his own merit or accomplishments, but by believing in God’s promise. This principle is made even clearer in the era of Jesus Christ. Therefore, from the Old Testament to the New, the central thread has always been “faith.” The difference is that after Christ’s crucifixion, we now have the definitive historical reality of “the Messiah who has come, died, and risen” as our basis for salvation—an era-specific blessing that did not exist before.
Hence, this single phrase, “The righteous will live by faith,” surprisingly influences every aspect of our spiritual journey and practice of faith. In evangelism, we need not wait for people to become perfect or reach some lofty philosophical understanding. We preach the gospel as it is, and if people receive Jesus by faith, God will declare them righteous—this is what we must boldly proclaim. In our own day-to-day lives, we should examine how firmly we stand in the conviction that we are already saved and belong to God’s family. Paul’s pride in “the righteousness of God” revealed in the gospel—and his statement that he was “not ashamed of the gospel”—arose from his own profound personal encounter with the grace of the cross. We too must continually partake of that living experience if we are to grow from faith to faith and truly know what it means that “the righteous will live by faith.”
A classical literary example from the Middle Ages is Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy (La Divina Commedia). In allegorical fashion, Dante depicts Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise while emphasizing “faith,” exemplifying how the medieval Christian worldview conveyed the theme that sinful humanity cannot avoid judgment in purgatory or hell apart from “divine grace.” Although it might not be as systematically rigorous as formal theology, Dante’s work poetically and artistically illustrates the doctrine “the righteous will live by faith.” It is also a testament to the fact that Paul’s teaching on salvation did not just apply to the apostolic age or the early church but has resonated throughout history, inspiring numerous artists and believers in various forms. This reaffirms how deep and powerful the words “The righteous will live by faith” truly are.
Romans 1:16–17, then, contains both the starting point and the conclusion of the Christian journey of faith. In summary, the gospel is the historical event through which God Himself accomplished humanity’s salvation, fulfilled through the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ—that is, the revelation of “God’s righteousness.” And as sinners, we can only become righteous by accepting it “through faith,” whereby we obtain eternal life and truly “live.” Therefore, the voice of Paul, “I am not ashamed of the gospel,” echoes across 2,000 years and continues to challenge believers today. It is the power of life that remains unshaken by any earthly values or judgments, with the crucified Jesus at the center. And Paul’s bold pronouncement that “in the gospel the righteousness of God is revealed” exposes the mystery whereby the sinner, unable to achieve righteousness by any human means, now receives justification by grace. This entire process is the tangible fulfillment of “The righteous will live by faith” and the ultimate fruition of God’s marvelous plan of salvation for humankind.
Pastor David Jang and many modern church leaders hold firmly to this central truth of the gospel as they address the contemporary world. They remind us that no culture or philosophical trend can fundamentally resolve the human problem of sin and death, whereas the gospel alone contains the righteousness and power of God to do so. They also urge believers not to treat the gospel merely as an intellectual pursuit or cultural refinement, but to apply it in daily life and walk closely with the living God “by faith.” This is precisely the core message of Romans as introduced by Paul—“I am not ashamed of the gospel… the righteous will live by faith”—a truth that stands firm under all circumstances.
We must remember that only “by faith” can humankind be brought into a right relationship with God and thereby experience true life and eternal salvation. Upon this confession stands the faith of the Apostle Paul, the early church, medieval believers, Reformation-era saints, and the church of today. It still holds true. By refusing to be ashamed of the gospel, we can testify that it is the power of God, and as we look to the cross where God’s righteousness was revealed, we recall that our sins have been forgiven and offer heartfelt thanksgiving. Only then can we experience a peace and assurance that the world cannot give and live a life worthy of the proclamation that “the righteous will live by faith.”
This, indeed, is the core message of Romans 1:16–17 and the fundamental focus of Pastor David Jang’s continued gospel preaching. Though the world still appears glittering and grand, beneath the surface lie countless unresolved sins, deprivations, sufferings, and losses. Only the gospel can address these problems, for it bears the righteousness and power of God to save. And to those who embrace this gospel by faith, God’s righteousness is given. Sinners become righteous, are delivered from destruction, and granted everlasting life. That is the unchanging heart of the gospel—yesterday, today, and forever—and the eternal declaration of “The righteous will live by faith.”